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Shahjahanpur in Wikipedia

(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shahjahanpur)

Shahjahanpur is a district, and a municipal board in the Indian state of Uttar Pradesh. Shahjahanpur District is a part of Bareilly division. The Tehsils are: Powayan, Tilhar, Katra, Jalalabad, and Kaanth. It is located in the southeast of Rohilkhand Division, and is an agriculture-based district of Uttar Pradesh established in 1813. Before its creation it was a part of Bareilly district.Adjoining districts of Shahjahanpur are Lakhimpur Kheri District, Hardoi District, Farrukhabad District, Bareilly District, Badaun District, and Pilibhit District. According to Government of India, the district is one of the Minority Concentrated District in India on the basis of the 2001 census data on population, socio-economic indicators and basic amenities indicators^[1].

The Ramganga, the Garrah and the Gomti are the main rivers of the district. The Kathana, the Jhukma the Mensi Rivers flow into the Gomti. The Khannaut, the Suketa and the Kai Rivers feed the Garrah. Major crops of the district are wheat, gram, millet, and potatoes. There exists an army cantonment, and a major clothing factory for defence forces called Ordnance Clothing Factory. Shahjahanpur Club is a famous club of the district, and its membership was once regarded as very exclusive. Shahjahanpur is also famous for its carpet industry, as well as for Sarrafa(Jewellery) market.

Shahjahanpur City was established by Diler Khan and Bahadur Khan, soldiers in the army of Mugal Emperor Shahjahan. Pleased with the services of Diler Khan and Bahadur Khan, Shahjahan gifted 14 villages with the permission to construct fortresses. Diler Khan developed a fort in the village of Nainar Khera, situated on the river Garrah He also established 52 villages named after 52 kabeelas of Pathans in Afghanistan. Even today, few of the local mohallas bear the name of these castes.

The city came into limelight during the freedom struggle of India. Pandit Ram Prasad Bismil, Thakur Roshan Singh and Ashfaq Ullah Khan brought Shahjahanpur fame by their heroic contribution to Independence struggle. Therefore Shahjahanpur town is also known as Shaheedon Ki Nagri or Town of Shaheed (Freedom Fighter).

Shahjahanpur in 1911encyclopedia

(http://www.1911encyclopedia.org/Shahjahanpur)

SHAHJAHANPUR, a city and district of British India, in the Bareilly division of the United Provinces. The city is on the left bank of the river Deoha or Garra, 507 ft. above the sea-level, with a station on the Oudh and Rohilkhand railway, 768 m. N.W. of Calcutta, and a military cantonment.

(1901) 75,128. It was founded in 1647 during the reign of Shah Jahan, whose name it bears, by Nawab Bahadur Khan, a Pathan. His mosque is the only building of antiquarian interest. There is a manufacture of sugar, but no great trade.

The District Of Shahjahanpur has an area of 17.27 sq. m. It consists of a long and narrow tract running up from the Ganges towards the Himalayas, and is for the most part level and without any hills. The principal rivers are the Gumti, Khanaut, Garai and Ramganga. To the north-east the country resembles the tarai in the preponderance of waste and forest over cultivated land, in the sparseness of population and in general unhealthiness. Between the Gumti and the Khanaut the country varies from a rather wild and unhealthy northern region to a densely inhabited tract in the south, with a productive soil cultivated with sugar-cane and other remunerative crops. The section between the Deoha and Garai comprises much marshy land; but south of the Garai, and between it and the Ramganga, the soil is mostly of a sandy nature. From the Ramganga to the Ganges in the south is a continuous low country of marshy patches, alternating with a hard clayey soil that requires much irrigation in parts. Shahjahanpur contains a number of jhils or lakes, which afford irrigation for the spring crops. The climate is very similar to that of most parts of Oudh and Rohilkhand, but moister than that of the Doab. The annual rainfall averages about 37 in. In 1901 the population was 921,535. The principal crops are wheat, rice, pulse, millets, sugar-cane and poppy. The district suffered very severely from the famine of 1877-1879. It is traversed by the Lucknow-Bareilly section of the Oudh and Rohilkhand railway, with a branch northwards from Shahjahanpur city. At Rosa is a large sugar refinery and rum distillery.

Shahjahanpur was ceded to the English by the nawab of Oudh in 1801. During the Mutiny of 1857 it became the scene of open rebellion. The Europeans were attacked when in church; three were shot down, but the remainder, aided by a hundred faithful sepoys, escaped. The force under Lord Clyde put a stop to the anarchy in April 1858, and shortly afterwards peace and authority were restored.
 

Shahjahanpur in Indopedia

(http://www.indopedia.org/Shahjahanpur.html)

Shahjahanpur City was established by Shri Diler Khan and Shri Bahadur Khan, sons of Shri Dariya Khan, a soldier in the army of Mugal Emperor Jahangeer. Both Shri Diler Khan and Shri Bahadur Khan were dignitaries in the regime of Shahjahan. Pleased with the services of Shri Dilerkhan, Shahjahan gifted 14 villages with the permission to construct fortresses. Dilerkhan developed a fort in the village of Nainar Khera, situated on the rivers Garrah and Khannaut. He also established 52 types of Pathan's Caste. Today, most of the mohallas are included in the name of these castes.

Like Shahjahanpur City, Tilhar was developed by Rajput - Tirlok Chandra. This is the oldest town of the district. Due to a supply of bows to the Military, this town was called as Teer Kaman Nagar. Shri Mangal Khan, a nazim of Hafiz Rehmat Ali Khan Nawab Rohil, established a fort in the village of Mansurper, near Tilhar. He and his family members possessed it until the first freedom struggle of 1857. Later, the British Government occupied it and converted it to a police station.

Shahjahanpur District is situated in the southeast of Rohilkhand Division, and is an agriculture-based district of Uttar Pradesh established in 1813. Before its creation it was a part of Bareilly district. Geographically, it is situated at 27.35 N latitude and 79.37 E longitude. Adjoining districts of Shahjahanpur are Lakhimpur Khiri, Hardoi, Farrukhabad, Bareilly, Buduan, and Pilibhit. Its geographical area is 4575 metres ².

The Ramganga, the Garrah and the Gomti are the main rivers of the district. The Kathana, the Jhukma the Mensi Rivers flow into the Gomti. The Khannaut, the Suketa and the Kai Rivers feed the Garrah. Major crops of the district are wheat, gram, millet, and potatoes.

Freedom Fighters

There are two mazars which connect Shahjahanpur City. One majar is of Shahid Ahmad Ullah Shah, a great freedom fighter of the 1857 struggle, and another is Shahid Ashfaqallah Khan (Kakori Kand). Maulvi Ahamad Ullah Shah began his struggle in Faizabad (U.P.). From there, he went to Shahjahanpur, where his life ended. Seventy years later, Ashfaqullah initiated a struggle against the British government and was hanged in the prison of Faizabad.

Shahjahanpur made a contribution to the freedom movement of 1857. Nana Sahib Peshwa, Shehjade, from Delhi, Ahmad Ullah Shah, from Faizabad, and Khan Badahur Khan from Bareilly united here and planned for further actions in the struggle. Unfortunately, Maulvi Ahamad Ullah Shah was killed by British forces in Powayan.

Freedom fighters Maulvi Ahamad Ullah Shah, Nazim Ali and Bakshi were unsuccessful in their efforts, but later Shahid Ramprasad Bismil, Ashfiqullah Khan, and Roshan Singhmade major contributions to the Freedom Movement. The Mitravedi Sangh Society was created under the leadership of Shri Gendalal Dixit. Its purpose was to raise funds for the struggle, but because of a lack of funds, members of the society turned to robbery.

After Mahatama Gandhi withdrew his support from the movement, Ramprasad Bismil founded the Hindustan Association under the leadership of Shri Yogesh Chatterjee. To implement the plan, and contributions were sought. Once again, when contributions were not adequate, robbery became the main fund-raising technique.

On 1925 August 9, Chandra Shekhar Azad, Bismil, Ashfaqullah Khan, and Lahri conducted a robbery of government funds near the Kakori railway station. On 1925 December 26, 40 persons were arrested in this case. Ramprasad Bismil, Ashfaqullah Khan, Roshan Singh, Premkishan Khanna, Banvari Lal, Hargovind, Indra Bhusan, Jagdish and Banarasi were from Shahjahanpur. A British court decided the case on 1927 December 19. Shri Ramprasad Bismil was hanged in the Gorakhpur prison, Shri Ashfaqullah Khan was hanged in the Faizabad prison, and Shri Roshan Singh was hanged in the Malaka (Allahabad)prison.